Glossary

A cut-off bunch is a material residue in the center of the front surface of the machined part resulting from the turning process. DIN 6785 is valid if not otherwise indicated on the drawing. The shape of the bunch is not determined, it has to fit the enveloping space. Maximum dimensions of a bunch according to DIN 6785:

Abbreviation for computer aided design. Professional CAD applications are complexe expert systems for the draft and construction of technical solutions. Virtual components can be displayed three-dimensionally.

Machine capacity index (cmk)
In order to determine the machine capacity a sample of wokpieces (min. 50 pcs) previously defined according to statistical criteria will be produced under specified conditions and the dimensions which are critical regarding the supposed function of the item will be measured. The 5M factors man power, material, measuring method, machine temperature and method of production are not allowed to be changed at all or only slightly.

• Man power: the same person has to operate the machine during the study
• Material: the same material of the same production batch has to be used
• Measuring method: it will be measured with the same device during the whole period of the study
• Machine temperature: The temperature of the machine must not vary, i.e. this systems of the machine are at operating temperature
• Method of production: The same production method will be applied, f.ex. turning or grinding

In practice, the term machine capacity led to problems because too many influences such as measuring devices, surrounding, staff etc. interact so that it is recommended to determine the process capability by using the key figures Cp and CpK and the stability of the process.

Process capability index
In the production technology the cpk figure is referred to as a statiscal measure to evaluate a long-term process. The cpk is formed from the average value, the related standard deviation and the lower and upper specification limit (OSG, USG). The higher this value, the higher the certainty that the complete production is within the specifications.

The term Electronic Data Interchange describes as comprehensive term of the electronic data processing the data exchange by usage of electronic transfer procedures. As sender, forwarder and recipient of the sent messages the application systems of the enlisted companies/ organisations are directly involved.

The international standard Norm EN ISO 9001 determines the minimum requirements for a quality management system. This standards series was implemented in 1987 and has been updated five times since then. The latest is edition is dd. November 2015.

FMEA, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, is an analytical method of the reliabilty engineering. Potential product defects are evaluated by key figures in view of their importance for the customer, their probability of occurence and detection.

In the quality and safety management the FMEA is used preventively for the avoidance of errors and in order to increase the technical reliability. FMEA is particularly applied in the design and development stage of new products and processes. This method is widely spread in the automotive industry as well as in the aerospace industry but also other branches require
a properly implemented FMEA.

IATF means International Automotive Task Force. It is a purpose specific work group which consists of representatives of Northern American and European car manufactures and automobile federations who focus on the harmonization of the standards in order to improve the product quality for customers of the automotive industry. Full members are following car manufacturers:
BMW, Chrysler, Daimler, Fiat, Ford, General Motors, Groupe PSA, Renault and VW.

IMDS is the material data system of the automotive industry. It is a common development of Audi, BMW, Daimler, HPE, Ford, Opel, Porsch, VW and Volvo. Further car manufacturers meanwhile also joined in whereby IMDS could develop to be international standard and is used by almost all globally acting OEMs. In addition to that, other manufacturers are negotiating about their participation in IMDS. All materials which are used for the fabrication of cars are collected, maintained, analysed and filed in the IMDS. The application of IMDS enables to fulfil the obligations of the car manufacturers and their suppliers defined by national and international standards, laws and regulations.

A company determines an operational environmental policy, aims and programmes and establishes a corresponding management system which supports to achieve the goals.

Machine Capacity is a term from the production technology which describes the stability and ability of reproduction of a production step on an operating machine. It enables to determine the potential rate of rejection and rework when operating this machine. The machine capacity can be calculated in the quality assurance with means of a CAQ system. The machine capacity is closely related to the process ability indices Cp and CpK of a production process.

The Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) is a method from the QS 9000 (meanwhile replacing ISO/TS 16949) with which series parts are sampled. This procedures originates from the automotive industry and has been implemented succesfully since years. It is especially about the quality of the supplied parts, i.e. that the parts made from the serial tools respectively from the serial processes have to in conformance to the drawings. Besides the checking of the supplied parts the sampling (part submission warrant PSW) is a main element of the sampling procedure. PSW combines and records all relevant information regarding requirements and tests.

RoHS is the abbreviation of Restriction of Hazardous Substances.

The EC regulation 2011/65/EU aims on the restriction of the usage of certain hazardous substances in electonical devices. It regulates the usage and the putting into circulation of hazardous substances in electronical devices and components.

Total Quality Management, also extensive quality management, describes the consistent and ongoing supervision action which registers, records, sights, organises and controls all areas of an organisation (companies, institutions, etc.) in order to implemented quality as system goal and guarantee it permanently. TQM is depending on the full support of all employees in order to be sucessful.